Oblique facial cleft is an extremely rare and
disfiguring congenital anomaly of the face manifests in a variety of
patterns. Tessier classified craniofacial clefts from 0 to 14, which
follow constant lines or axes through the eyebrows or eyelids, the
maxilla, the nose and the lip. In these facial clefts, soft tissue and
bony skeleton are often not involved to the same degree; the globe can be
functional or may be micropthalmic or anopthalmic. The medial canthal
tendon is intact but is displaced laterally and inferiorly. The
nasolacrimal system is involved as the cleft runs medial to the punctum
and through inferior canaliculus.
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Fig. 1 Clinical photograph showing cleft
extending from right angle of mouth to lower eyelid at its middle
and lateral junction. |
Among all facial clefts Tessier cleft No. 5 is least
frequently found. Morian first drew attention to the infraorbital foramen
in distinguishing different categories of facial clefts. In Tessier cleft
no 5, the cleft passes lateral to infraorbital foramen (Tessier cleft No.
4 cleft passes medial to foramen). The pyriform aperture is not violated.
The American Association of Cleft Palate Rehabilitation classified this
anomaly as oro-ocular cleft type II.