|
Indian Pediatr 2018;55: 1007-1008 |
|
Assessment of Iodine Deficiency Disorders among School
Children in Madhya Pradesh
|
Jogender Kumar 1
and Arushi Yadav2
From 1Department of Pediatrics, PGIMER,
Chandigarh; and 2Departmnt of Radiodiagnosis, SMS Medical
College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan; India.
Email: [email protected]
Editor’s note: We did not receive a point-by-point
reply to any of these two letters from authors of the study, despite
reminders.
|
We read an article by Bali, et al. [1] and would like to
appreciate the authors for highlighting the current status in their
district as well as irregularities of national iodine deficiency control
programme (NIDCP). The study also highlights the negative implication of
unmonitored universal salt iodization (USI) and emphasize the need for
periodic monitoring. However, there are certain points we would like to
highlight, which might bring more clarity on this issue:
1. Authors defined the cut-off for ‘inadequate
iodized salt’, and ‘insufficient urinary iodine excretion (UIE)’.
But further cutoffs for defining the severity as well as toxicity
levels are not provided. Their description in methodology will be an
ease for readers. Also, UIE <200 µg/L was considered "insufficient"
by the authors, whereas WHO as well as NIDCP uses UIE <100 µg/L for
defining the same [2-4]. Using a different cut-off will change the
prevalence and its public health implications.
2. The median UIE level of the population was 175
µg/L, which signifies ‘adequate iodine nutrition’ in the population
[2,4]. The results of individual patient/subgroup should not be used
for drawing the conclusion as the results of spot sample may vary
significantly among different specimens from the same individual
[4].
3. As per WHO, if the median UIE levels of a
population are ‘insufficient’ the level of iodization of salt, along
with factors affecting the utilization of iodized salt (production
level quality, packaging, and transport methods, salt intake and
cooking habits) should be reassessed [4]. In this study, all
households were using packed salt but there is no mention whether it
was iodized or not. Also, 432 (80%) out of 540 samples were
inadequately iodized at the consumer level. If these levels are
despite using iodized salt, it raises serious concern at the level
of iodization at production, packing, transport and storage level,
and warrants urgent administrative action.
4. A majority (80%) of the population was using
inadequately iodized salt, but 36% of children had UIE in toxic
level. How can this finding be explained?
5. The authors used only semi-quantitative rapid
test kits for iodine estimation of the salt. WHO recommends using
quantitative titration method for iodine analysis in sub-sample of
salt that has been analyzed by rapid kit [4].
References
1. Bali S, Singh AR, Nayak PK. Iodine deficiency and
toxicity among school children in Damoh District, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Indian Pediatr. 2018;55:579-81.
2. World Health Organization. Urinary Iodine
Concentrations for Determining Iodine Status in Populations. Vitamin and
Mineral Nutrition Information System. Available from:http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85972/WHO_NMH_NHD_EPG_13.1_
eng.pdf. Accessed July 15, 2017.
3. National Health Mission. Revised Policy Guidelines
on National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme. Directorate
General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
Government of India, New Delhi; 2006. Available from:
http://nhm.gov.in/images/pdf/pro grammes/ndcp/niddcp/revised_guidelines.pdf.
Accessed July 15, 2018.
4. World Health Organization. Assessment of Iodine Deficiency
Disorders and Monitoring Their Elimination. A Guide for Programme
Managers. 3rd edition. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43781/9789241595827_eng.pdf.
Accessed July 15, 2017.
|
|
|
|