A 6-month-old infant was admitted with symptoms suggestive of intussusception, and the diagnosis was confirmed with ultrasonography. The intussusception responded to air reduction under fluoroscopy but recurred again twice in the next 48 hours, each time responding very well with air reduction under fluroscopy.When we tried to look into the etiology in view of recurrent intususseption, the only positive history was that the child had received 3 doses of Rotavirus vaccine. Infact, the last dose was given just a few days before the infant was admitted.

The ‘Indian Academy of Pediatrics – Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Immunzation Practices’, concludes that there is definite albeit a small risk of acute intussusception following use of current generation of rotavirus vaccines [1]. The recent study by Yih, et al. [2] studied the risks of both the commercially available vaccines Rotarix (RV1) and Rotateq (RV5). Rotateq was associated with approximately 1.5 (95% CI, 0.2 to 3.2) excess cases of intussusception per 100,000 recipients of the first dose. The secondary analysis of RV1 (Rotarix) suggested a potential risk, although the study of RV1 was underpowered. The study concluded that the risks must be considered in light of the demonstrated benefits of rotavirus vaccination, but as a clinician one should explain the risks associated with the vaccine before administering it.