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Indian Pediatr 2012;49: 1004
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K Rajeshwari
Email:
[email protected]
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Sugary beverage intake and obesity (Asia Pac J Clin Nutr.
2012;21:425-30).
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Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) may increase
the risk of obesity. Data with regards to the consumption of SSBs are
insufficient in the Chinese population, especially in middle school
students experiencing rapid nutritional transition. This study aimed to
describe the consumption of SSBs among junior high school students and
explore the relationship between SSB intake and adolescents’
overweight/obesity in Beijing. This was a cross-sectional study under
which 322 (46%) male and 380 (54%) female (age 11-15 y) were recruited
from two middle schools in Beijing. All subjects completed a
questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall for 3 consecutive days.
Prevalence of overweight was 21.1% in males and 11.6% in females.
Prevalence of obesity was 22.7% in males and 10.3% in females. Of the
students, 7.7% consumed SSBs at least once per day. Students whose
storage of SSBs at home is more than 1 type are more likely to consume
higher quantities of SSBs everyday (P<0.001). After adjusting for
confounding factors, OR of high SSBs intake group versus low SSBs intake
group was 2.6.
Comment Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages has a
positive association with levels of overweight/obesity among male
students.
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Plastic pen cap aspiration (Int J Pediatr
Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 76: 980-3)
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This study aimed to describe the clinical features of pen cap aspiration
and removal techniques. All children with a history of inhaling a pen
cap who were referred to the ENT department, at Beijing Children’s
Hospital, between 2006 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Data from
44 children, with a median age of 8.7 years of age (35 months to 12
years) and a male-female ratio of 7.8:1 were analyzed. The time between
inhalation and diagnosis with extraction of the foreign body ranged from
several hours to 6 years, but 75% were seen within one week. 89% had pen
caps removed by rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia. Reverse
grasping forceps were used in 62% of the cases and ordinary forceps in
38% of the cases (P<0.05). In 2 cases, the pen caps were coughed
up. In 2 cases the FB was removed via a tracheotomy and in 1 case by
thoracotomy.
Comment Pen caps are an unusual foreign body in the
airway, occurring frequently in school age children. Rigid bronchoscopy
under general anesthesia with reverse grasping forceps was the most
favorable method for extraction of pen caps, but open surgical
approaches may also be needed.
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Serum
alkaline phosphatase and illness severity in newborns (Int
J Biol Sci 2012; 8:30-8) |
Infections can influence bone metabolism of neonates, which may lead to
changes in some bone metabolism biomarkers. The purpose of this study
was to determine whether serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP),
osteocalcin (OC) and beta carboxy-terminal peptide of type I collagen
(CTX), as specific biomarkers of bone metabolism, can be used to assess
the severity of neonatal infections. Sixty-three neonates in the NICU
were enrolled in this study. The neonates were divided into infected
group and non-infected group. The scores for neonatal acute physiology-perinatal
extension II (SNAPPE-II) were calculated and interleukin-6 (IL-6),
procalcitonin (PCT), BALP, OC and CTX were measured among the neonates
with or without infections, and among the infected neonates before and
after treatment. The serum BALP levels were lower in the infected group
than that in the non-infected group. The serum BALP levels increased
markedly in the infected neonates after treatment. The serum BALP levels
were also inversely correlated with SNAPPE-II of infected neonates
before and after treatment.
Comment Serum BALP level might be used as a marker for
assessing the severity of illness in infected neonates.
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Dry eye syndrome (Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2012;
19:226-30).
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This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors
for dry eye syndrome (DES) among senior high school students in
a province in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in
July 2010, and 1902 senior high school students were selected by
multi-stage sampling to answer a questionnaire assessing the
prevalence and risk factors for DES. DES was defined as the
presence of a previous clinical diagnosis of DES or severe
symptoms (both dryness and irritation constantly or often). Risk
factors associated with DES were evaluated. The prevalence of
DES was 23.7%. In univariate analysis; myopia, contact lens
wear, inadequate refractive correction, frequent
self-administered topical ophthalmic medications, and poor sleep
quality were significantly associated with DES. In multivariate
analysis; inadequate refractive correction, frequent
self-administered topical ophthalmic medications, and poor sleep
quality were significant risk factors for DES.
Comment Senior high school students are
a neglected population with a high prevalence of dry eye
syndrome. Preventive measures directed against risk factors may
help reduce its prevalence.
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