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Clippings |
Amit P Shah
Email:
[email protected]
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Waist-to-height ratio not useful in younger children (Clin
Nutr. 2014;33:311-5)
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This study assessed whether waist-to-height-ratio (WHtR) is a better
estimate of body fat percentage (BF%) and a better indicator of
cardiometabolic risk factors than body mass index (BMI) or waist
circumference (WC) in young children. BMI had the highest explained
variance for BF% compared to WC and WHtR. In the overweight/obese
children, BMI and WC had a higher explained variance for BF% compared to
WHtR. This suggests that – in young children – WHtR is not superior to
WC or BMI in estimating BF%; nor is WHtR better correlated with
cardiometabolic risk factors than WC or BMI in overweight/obese
children.
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Effect of sequencing of complementary feeding
in relation to breast-feeding on total intake in infants (J
Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58:339-43)
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Timing of complementary feeding in relation to breastfeeding is
considered important to determine the total intake in infants. In this
crossover trial, exclusively breastfed healthy infants between the ages
of 7 and 11 months – receiving complementary foods for at least 1 month
in addition to breastfeeding – were randomized to follow a sequence of
either complementary feeding before breastfeeding or complementary
feeding after breastfeeding. All babies received 3 actively fed
complementary food meals per day (morning, afternoon, and evening) in
addition to ad libitum breastfeeding during the observation
period. Semisolid intake was directly measured and breast milk intake
was quantified by test weighing method. The total energy intake and
energy intake from breast milk and complementary foods between the 2
sequences were compared. Altering the sequence of complementary feeding
in relation to breastfeeding did not affect total energy intake. Authors
conclude that the sequence of complementary feeding in relation to
breastfeeding – whether one precedes other or vice versa – does not
affect total energy intake.
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Simple vision test for identifying concussion injury in
players(http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/821495)
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Standard tests based on balance symptoms and cognition tasks to identify
concussion injury in players are not always perfect. This study – to be
presented at the at the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) 66th Annual
Meeting in Philadelphia, April 26 to May 3, 2014 – evaluated the
KingDevick test that involves the reading of a series of numbers from
index cards or an iPad screen in about 1 minute. This is done at the
start of the season as the baseline assessment. After injury the same
set of tests are conducted – often on the side of the pitch – and if the
time taken is longer than at baseline, then concussion is diagnosed. The
test would be repeated every day until the baseline time was reached.
Results showed that among 30 athletes with first concussion during their
athletic season, 79% showed worsening of time scores in the King-Devick
vision test. In contrast, the Standardized Assessment of Concussion
(SAC) test identified 52% of concussions and the Balance Error Scoring
System (BESS) test picked up 70%. Combining the King-Devick vision test
and SAC captured 89% of concussions, and using all 3 tests identified
100%.
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Smartphone application for preventing Group B
Streptococcus infections in neonates (http://www.cdc.gov/groupbstrep/guidelines/prevention-app.html)
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A free Smartphone application, Prevent Group B Strep, is available from
CDC, to improve maternal and neonatal management of GBS disease
prevention at the point-of-care. Developed for obstetric and neonatal
providers, the GBS prevention application features patient-specific and
scenario-specific guidance consistent with the 2010 guidelines for the
prevention of perinatal GBS disease. The application generates
customized user guidance, such as when intrapartum antibiotics are
indicated and which antibiotic regimens are appropriate for
penicillin-allergic women, based on patient characteristics. The
application is available for Apple iPhone/iPad and Google Android
devices. Once downloaded, this can be used offline also.
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New proposed dietary sugar guideline by WHO –
drastic cut suggested in daily sugar intake (http://www.who.int/nutrition/sugars_public_consultation/en/)
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WHO has prepared new guidelines for dietary sugar intake which
recommends drastic cuts to sugar intake, halving an earlier
recommendation for each individual to consume fewer than 10% of daily
calories as sugar. Right now, the guidelines are open for comments. The
proposal is based on systematic reviews of research into the impact of
sugar on weight gain and dental caries, and advises adults and children
to consume less than 5% of calories as ‘free sugars’. The new 5%
recommendation is labeled ‘conditional’, and the 10% a ‘strong
recommendation’. The ‘free sugars’ mean all monosaccharides and
disaccharides added to foods by a manufacturer, a cook, or a consumer,
as well as sugars that are naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit
juices, and fruit concentrates. The guidelines do not limit sugar
consumed in whole fruit or milk.
The guidelines are designed to address both obesity and dental
caries. Obesity is on the rise in all age groups and caries is one of
the most common non-communicable diseases. Let us watch for the final
recommendation by WHO.
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